Investigators: Thomas Ricketts, PhD; Erin Fraher, PhD, MPP; Andy Knapton, MSc Background: States and the federal government devote substantial resources to influence physicians to practice in underserved areas. Like the general population, the physician workforce is mobile. About 20% of the active employed physician workforce will relocate to another county within a five-year period. Federal… Read more »
Making Use of Workforce Projections to Inform the Graduate Medical Education Policy Debate in the United States (2014-15)
Investigators: Erin P. Fraher PhD MPP, Andy Knapton MSc Background: There is intense policy debate over whether the nation should expand graduate medical education (GME) or redistribute existing slots to high-need specialties and geographies. The recently released Institute of Medicine (IOM) report recommends creating a GME Policy Council to use data and workforce projections to… Read more »
Communication and Dissemination Strategies to Facilitate the Use of Health Related Evidence
This review sought to provide evidence for how to best communicate and disseminate evidence, including uncertain evidence to inform health care decisions. A secondary objective was to examine how the effectiveness of communication and dissemination strategies varies across target audiences, namely patients and clinicians. Principal Investigator: Stacey Sheridan, M.D. Funding: AHRQ
Systematic Reviews for the US Preventive Services Task Force
The RTI-UNC EPC will produce new and updated systematic reviews for use by the United States Preventive Services Task Force. The Task Force will use the systematic reviews in assessing the available evidence and making recommendations about screening and preventive health services. Principal Investigator: Daniel E. Jonas, MD, MPH Funding: AHRQ Project Period: October 2012… Read more »
Philip Sloane, MD, MPH and Sheryl Zimmerman, PhD lead team to develop Alzheimer’s Medical Advisor website
Program on Aging, Disability, and Long-term Care co-directors Philip Sloane, MD, MPH and Sheryl Zimmerman, PhD are leading a multidisciplinary team to develop Alzheimer’s Medical Advisor,© a website that aims to help family caregivers of persons with dementia deal with new and worsening medical symptoms in their relatives. When people with Alzheimer’s disease or related… Read more »
Community Reentry of Persons with Severe Mental Illness Released from State Prison
Joseph P Morrissey, PhD, Co-Principal Investigator Gary Cuddeback, PhD, MSW, MPH, Co-Investigator Marisa Domino, PhD, Co-Investigator Subcontractors: Linda Frisman, PhD, Co-Principal Investigator; Director of Research, Connecticut Department of Mental Health & Addiction Services David Mancuso, PhD, Responsible Investigator, Senior Research Supervisor, Washington State Department of Social and Health Services, Research and Data Analysis Division Consultants:… Read more »
Improving Colon Cancer Screening for Diverse Populations
Diverse, vulnerable populations, especially Latinos, have low colon cancer screening rates. These groups are disproportionately affected by the many patient, provider, and system-level barriers that inhibit colon cancer screening. Latinos, the nation’s largest and fastest growing racial/ethnic minority group, face additional language and cultural barriers. Reducing disparities in colon cancer screening among vulnerable populations is… Read more »
Understanding the Direct and Indirect Costs of Transformation to Medical Homes
The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model involves complete primary care practice redesign with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of patient care and at reduced cost. Detailed information regarding the practice level costs of performing transformative activities is needed to help the growing number of practices and practice organizations as they navigate this process…. Read more »
Daily Mouth Care to Prevent Pneumonia in Nursing Homes: A Systems-Level Approach
Every year, almost two million episodes of pneumonia are suffered by nursing home (NH) residents across the United States, resulting in more deaths than from any other infection. Further, NH residents acquire pneumonia at a rate 6-10 times higher than older adults in the community, indicating that characteristics of these individuals and/or the NH setting… Read more »
A Systematic Review of Empathy Development in Medical Education
Understanding how empathy can be developed in medical education is an important component of advancing humanistic medicine. Two recent reviews of changes in empathy among medical students and residents reached disparate conclusions. In a systematic review, Neumann and colleagues (2011) determined that empathy declines during medical training as students engage more with patients. Colliver et… Read more »
Integration of Patient Reported Outcomes Measures Into Pain Management Practices for Patients With Hemophilia
More than 100 million people in the United States suffer from pain each year, at an estimated cost of $600 billion for pain treatments and lost productivity. 1) Deaths due to opioid pain medications are rising at an alarming rate. 2) Patients with hemophilia are particularly afflicted by pain, with more than half of adults… Read more »
Adequate Health Insurance for Children with Autism: Evidence and Implications for Defining Essential Benefits
The long-term goal of this research is to improve access to care and outcomes for children with autism. We hypothesize that having combined coverage will be associated with greater insurance adequacy and increase the breadth and amount of service use particularly for mental health services.
Circles of Care: Supporting African Americans with Cancer
Patients with advanced cancer need supportive and palliative care in addition to cancer-specific treatments, to overcome pain, reduce psychological and spiritual distress, and meet practical needs. African Americans are more likely to have advanced cancer, yet less often get effective pain management, cancer communication, or supportive care. To overcome barriers for African Americans with cancer,… Read more »
Comparison of Specialty Distribution of Nurse Practitioners and Physician Assistants in North Carolina, 1997-2013 (2013-14)
Authors:Perri Morgan, PhD, PA-C; Anna Johnson, PhD, MSPH; Erin Fraher, PhD, MPP Background:As healthcare demand in the United States is expected to grow, increased use of nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs) is seen as a partial solution to potential physician shortages. NPs and PAs can change specialties throughout their careers and may constitute… Read more »
Assessing Shifts in Outpatient Visits to Physicians of Other Specialties in Rural Areas with Shortages of Cardiologists and Gastroenterologists: A Preliminary Analysis (2013-14)
PI: Donald Pathman, co-PI: Mark Holmes Project purpose: This project seeks to quantify how the local availability of physicians of various sub-specialties affects the scope and mix of services provided by family physicians and general internists. Project results: A policy brief examining the “plasticity” of the scope of services provided by primary care physicians to… Read more »
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